Alterações cardiovasculares em pacientes com a síndrome congênita do vírus Zika

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) presents a wide spectrum of congenital abnormalities, especially neurological, such as microcephaly. Studies have evaluated congenital heart diseases (CHD) as possible components of this spectrum and have shown an increase in the prevalence of CHD without hemodynamic repercussions in this group. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of CHD in children with CZS. Methodology: Retrospective cross-sectional study with patients diagnosed with CZS, evaluated between May 2015 and March 2020 at the Multiprofessional Outpatient Clinic for Congenital Infections of a University Reference Service in Natal/RN, Brazil. Results: Fifty-one patients met the criteria for diagnosing CZS and underwent echocardiography; 18 (35.3%) presented altered exams; 10 (19.6%) showed evidence of mild CHD, and no cases presented hemodynamic repercussion or had moderate or severe CHD. No children had serological confirmation for congenital co-infections. Conclusion: Children with CSZ presented a frequency of mild CHD higher than the prevalence of CHD in the Brazilian population; however, no cases were classified as severe CHD or had hemodynamic repercussion. Therefore, it is suggested that cardiological screening for patients with suspected or confirmed intrauterine exposure to Zika virus should follow the same protocol used for the general population.