Atenção primária à saúde para a população LGBTQIAPN+ no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

This study analyzed aspects of health care provided to the broad population of Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transvestites, Transsexuals, Queer/Questioning, Intersex, Asexuals/Aromantic/Agender, Pan/Poly, Non-binary, and more (LGBTQIAPN+) in the context of Primary Health Care (PHC) in the Brazilian setting. Suggestion: This is an integrative review with the objective of analyzing the scientific literature, produced between 2017 and 2024, on care for Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transvestites, Transsexuals, Queer/Questioning, Intersex, Asexuals/Aromantic/Agender, Pan/Poly, Non-binary, and more (LGBTQIAPN+) in the context of Brazilian Primary Health Care. Data collection took place from August 2024 to December 2024, in the electronic databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL) using the following descriptors: Sexual and Gender Minorities OR LGBTQIAPN+ AND Primary Health Care AND Comprehensive Health Care OR Comprehensive Health Care Practice OR Health Care OR Primary Care AND LGBT OR PNAB AND Primary Care. The findings point to several relevant barriers that hinder access to health care for the LGBTQIAPN+ population. Among these barriers are symbolic barriers, rigid information systems that use binary criteria attributed to sex, and professionals who are not qualified to serve LGBTQIAPN+ people. On the other hand, there are policies that facilitate access to health care for this segment of the population, but they have not yet proven to be fully effective due to heteronormative standards rooted in several gaps in health services, which end up harming the community, especially the transsexual and transvestite population, whose estimated life expectancy in Brazil is only 35 years. It is concluded that it is not only necessary to create standards and policies that improve access to health care, but it is also of utmost importance to train professionals to serve the LGBTQIAPN+ population and their specificities.