Mudanças no perfil dos ingressantes da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) antes e após as cotas (2012 e 2021): reprodução ou superação das desigualdades educacionais?

Abstract

This Course Conclusion Paper (TCC) maps the changes in the profile of those entering undergraduate courses at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) for the years 2012 and 2021 to capture the effects of the adoption of the Law Federal Quotas (Law nº 12,711/2012). Those two years were chosen to characterize the before and after the adoption of quotas. The analyses emphasis on the type of high school these students attended - whether state public, federal or private - and whether there were differences in the enrollment of students who participated at a federal public school (technical) or a regular public school (state) in the High school; the declared color of the entrants; what types of quotas were used; and these changes also altered the profile of entrants to the most popular courses, among other specific analyses. This TCC intended to understand if the university has contributed to the reduction of social, educational, and ethnic-racial inequalities in terms of access to higher education. The methodological procedures used were the survey of bibliographical production on a TCC thematic object and the organization of a specific database with information on all UFRN entrants, which allowed a quantitative analysis. The findings of the study suggest that the quota policy has indeed contributed to changes in the profile of entrants, increasing the presence of students from the public education network, previously mostly from private schools, with lower income and a Black majority in 2021, reversing the previous pattern to the quota law.