Desconforto do trato vocal relacionado à atividade laboral de músicos sopro instrumentais

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to verify the perception of vocal tract discomfort associated with the working characteristics of wind instrumentalist musicians in the city of Natal-RN and to identify the presence of vocal and laryngeal symptoms and associated factors in these professionals. Methodology: The sample consisted of 117 wind instrumentalist musicians, who answered a questionnaire of socioeconomic characterization, demographic and health conditions and habits, as well as filling the Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale (EDTV). As a secondary study, a Systematic Review was also performed on the electronic databases Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and LILACS, gray literature as well as manual search, without limitation of date and language, as directed by PRISMA. Results: Primary data indicate that the most frequent DTV symptoms reported by the musicians were dryness (53%), irritated throat (35.9%) and sensitive throat (30.8%). Similarly, these symptoms presented higher averages in EDTV before and after the practice of the instrument, the dryness symptom being more frequent the more intense. Musicians with less time to study the instrument, who report muscle pain, gastroesophageal reflux, and respiratory allergies have a greater number of DTV symptoms. In the secondary study the six studies selected for systematic review, point out to the main vocal symptoms in wind instrumentalist: dysphonia, altered vocal quality, hoarseness and voice failures - laryngeal symptoms - dryness, sore throat, throat irritation, throat clearing, discomfort and tension. The associated factors identified to these symptoms were the shorter time of profession, intense use of the instrument and individual vocal issues. Conclusion: The symptoms of vocal tract discomfort are present in high frequency in wind instrumentalists musicians. In addition, the various vocal and laryngeal symptoms found in wind instrumentalists musicians in the selected studies for the systematic review were associated with individual factors (prior vocal alteration, inadequate vocal habits) and organizational factors of the work (time of profession, intense use, type and instrument technique). thematic aspects on vocal health of wind instrumentalists musicians are recognized in the literature and vocal and laryngeal symptoms are identified and associated with the instrument execution, there is a need to broaden the studies with precise methodologies and analyzes. We also reinforce the need for health education actions for these professionals taking into account physiological aspects as well as working conditions.