A argumentação no gênero notícia: uma análise cognitiva da construção dos enquadramentos e do processo de significação

Abstract

This thesis proposes to analyze the argumentative framings in news articles about the January 8th attack, investigating the choice of lexicon and writing strategies in online newspaper texts with a large reach in Brazil. In this sense, the research is guided, primarily, by the study of frames based on Duque (2015, 2018, 2022) and the studies on framing by Nobre (2019), in conjunction with a discourse analytical view of the structure of the news text genre based on Charaudeau (2006) and Koch (2011). The study aims to understand the integration of argumentative framings in news articles, proposing questions about which cognitive aspects can be used for meaning in texts of the genre, and how language can impact the impartiality theoretically established by the news. With this, it is suggested that argumentative elements can compose the process of meaning construction for the reader through the evocation of the frames activated by the choice of vocabulary. The analysis focuses on the publication of the same news article by two different online newspapers, Folha de S. Paulo and Gazeta do Povo, with emphasis on the distinctions between the forms of treatment on agents; for the identification of the frames that denote the agents and the actions linked to them; for the comparison between the forms of treatment used by each newspaper regarding the agents and the actions linked to the analysis of the possibility of argumentative content based on lexical choices; for the exploration of possible discursive strategies that emphasize the presence of argumentative construction. Based on this, it was concluded that, despite the attempt at neutrality in the news, the frames activated in the reading and the framings proposed by the authors differ, characterizing opposition of ideas and different narrative focuses, even to portray the same event, so that the editorial line of the newspapers is expressed even when reporting events. In this perspective, it is appropriate to see the analysis of the research as a possible contributor to future investigations on argumentativeness in news text genres.