Análise da relação dos casos de dengue em Natal-RN, com o esgotamento sanitário e outras variáveis, no período entre 2013-2021

Abstract

Dengue is a viral disease present in most tropical and subtropical countries. In Brazil, dengue stands out for presenting itself seasonally due to the climatic characteristics, where humid and hot periods are established for most of the year. In Natal-RN, the first reported cases of dengue were in 1996, and since then it has stood out as a prevalent disease in the city. The main objective aim of this study was to demonstrate a global panorama of the impacts of dengue in the city of Natal and its respective administrative zones (South, North, East and West), associating these cases with the prevalence of sanitary sewage, or sewerage and more generally, the other social variables relevant to the topic. The years 2013 to 2021 were analyzed, with a total of 59,296 reported cases of dengue in residents of the municipality. The year with the highest incidence was 2019 (16,144) and the year with the lowest incidence was 2021 (1,048). Due to its seasonal characteristics, some authors related the number of cases to climatic phenomena such as El Niño. Relationship that is not reproduced according to rainfall data for Natal. It was also observed that the spread of cases directed to areas with greater social vulnerability and their relationship with the sewage services offered to the population is a factor that must be taken into account. As well as the association between dengue cases and per capita income according to the administrative area of the city. It is worth noting that another important variable for this analysis is the scarcity of data, often present during the study, limiting the results. It is important to understand that there must always be a state of alert regarding the epidemiological situation of the Dengue Virus in the country, even if it presents itself in a controlled and temporarily defined way in some cases, as this becomes important from the point of view of understanding the introduction or recirculation of the virus.