Chão de estrelas e céu de vaga-lumes: uma abordagem histórico-dialética da diversidade sexual e de gênero durante o regime político-ditatorial-terrorista brasileiro

Abstract

Authoritarianism and repression were striking features of one of the darkest periods in the history of Brazil. The existences considered “subversive” were, in a targeted and systematic way, victims and martyrs of a persecution nuanced by terrorist, arbitrary and genuinely violent practices. In this context, transvestites, homosexuals, lesbians and other individuals dissenting from the bourgeois heteropatriarchal order, wove spaces of sociability and processes of resistance. This work has as main objective to apprehend and analyze the sexual and gender diversity during the Brazilian political-dictatorial-terrorist regime, considering the experiences and the resistance processes forged by the dissident individuals at that time. For this task, I pave my investigation based on a theoretical-methodological and historical-political arsenal capable of basing sexual and gender diversity on capitalist sociability - considering, specifically, the dynamics engendered by monopoly capitalism; I apprehend the Brazilian civil-dictatorial regime from the bourgeois autocracy, highlighting how the moral-ideological bulge generated by the social order of the bourgeoisie affected the manifestations of gender and sexuality of that period; and, based on this building, I critically analyze the resistance processes mobilized and organized by the dissident individuals during that historic moment. The research was carried out through a critical-bibliographic analysis, considering the limitations that still exist in academic production on the themes that cross my investigation. Historical-dialectical materialism was the method of this investigation, considering its indispensability for the unveiling of the social totality. As the most significant results of this journey, I highlight the centrality of the categories of work, individuality and diversity in the process of apprehending gender and sexuality as historical-ontological and core dimensions for human sociability; and that the apprehension of social dynamics, in heteropatriarchal-racist-capitalist-bourgeois sociability, must consider the consubstantiality-coextensiveness of class, race/ethnicity and gender relations. Emphasis on the Brazilian political-dictatorial-terrorist regime, the bourgeois autocracy and the deepening of monopoly capitalism were catalysts for a social order whose moral-ideological support underpinned a systematic and terrorist persecution of dissident existences. And, finally, I show that, despite the organization and the mobilization of some resistance processes carried out by dissidents, during the dictatorial cycle, it did not recognize the basic contradiction between capital and work, and - even if unintentionally - discarded consubstantiality class coextensivity, race/ethnicity and gender in several initiatives, played a very valid and fruitful role in questioning the current order in a given historical moment.