Análise da expressão do marcador CD5 na leucemia linfocítica crônica de células B (LLC-B)

Abstract

The B cells chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is characterized by the abnormal proliferation of mature B lymphocytes, that can be observed in peripheral blood and bone marrow. Without any specific symptomatology, this disease affects adults aged specially more than 50 years old. A prevalence of male patients can be statistically observed. One of the most important tests used in B-CLL diagnosis is the immunophenotyping, using flow cytometry. This technique shows the expression of CD19, CD23 and CD5 in this neoplastic lymphocytes. This last marker, the CD5, is a very important key in B-CLL diagnosis because it may differ this disease of other B cells neoplastic diseases. The CD5 is normally correlated with T lymphocytes, but in B-CLL, can be observed an aberrant expression of this marker. The objective of this present study is evaluate, using flow cytometry, the expression of CD5 marker in 30 patients diagnosed with B-CLL at Hemato-Oncologistas Associados LTDA (Natal/RN-Brazil). In addiction, have been seen others hematologic data, utilizing complete blood count and cytomorphology. In this study, have been analyzed 30 patients, 19 women and 11 men, diagnosed with B-CLL. The hematological data has been obtained from hematologic analyzer. Then, the cytomorphological analyze has been done with the patients diagnosed since august 2015, using optical microscope with blood films and bone marrow films stained by Leishman. The results of immunophenotyping, obtained by BD® FACScan flow cytometry, was analyzed in CellQuest® software, generating plots showing the statistic information about markers. Finally, was observed leukocytosis and lymphocytosis in all patients. The CD5 marker was positive in all cases, with this positivity varying between 42% and 48%. This marker can be used in differential diagnose of other B-cell neoplastic diseases.