A importância da ludicidade na aprendizagem no ensino fundamental I: reflexões sobre as vivências pedagógicas no estágio supervisionado não obrigatório

Abstract

This study is linked to the Pedagogy degree program at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN. It is a thesis, the research problem of which is: how do practices involving playfulness in the classroom contribute to the cognitive and socio-emotional development of children in the teaching-learning process in the first and second years of elementary school? The overall objective is to analyze how the implementation of playful methodological approaches in teaching can positively influence the physical, social, and emotional development of students in the first and second years of elementary school. As for methodology, qualitative research was employed, with descriptive objectives and procedures including bibliographic research and the account of experiences gained during non-compulsory supervised internship conducted in Elementary School I, specifically in first and second-year classes at a public school in São Gonçalo do Amarante – RN. This research was grounded in studies by Luckesi (2000), Montessori (1987), Piaget (1971), Vygotsky (1994), Wallon (2007), among others. Results reveal that playful activities, when effectively implemented in the school environment, play a significant role in the cognitive, emotional, and physical development of students. The main playful activities observed included educational games, storytelling, and dramatizations, carefully organized by teachers to meet the needs and interests of students, and integrated into the school curriculum. Moreover, interaction between teachers and students during these activities was marked by a collaborative and participative atmosphere, encouraging students to express their ideas, solve problems, and collaborate with each other, thus fostering a dynamic and inclusive learning environment. It is concluded that playfulness is a crucial approach that should be integrated into elementary education institutions to promote meaningful learning and further develop the potential of each student, addressing both cognitive and emotional aspects and contributing to their comprehensive educational, physical, and social development.