Nova York hiperativa: congestão, usos do solo e formas edificadas em Manhattan

Abstract

The big urban centers characterize as having a rising complexity, constant changes, and being since from the beginning the place of endless arguments. In these cities, the exceeding concentration of built areas, ways of life, heteroclite usages and applicability in a reduced area shows the set of singularities that Koolhaas entitles as “The culture of congestion”. They try hard to explain the complex conteporanean city, Make Its projects come true and heal Its illnesses. Starting from this scenery, we can raise some questions: From the situational congestion of the big urban centers of the advanced capitalism, what are the morphological and functional characteristics that make urban hyperactivity easier? And as in the situations of congestion of advanced big urban centers, the morphological attributes and the flows configure in a way which we can conceptualize them urban hyperactive areas? Our reality is that the high built density and the mixture of land usage and the buildings are the main morphological attributes that creates urban hyperactivity. The study in this case understands, therefore, the conteporenean city as New York. Admitting that congestion (Koolhaas, 2008) is one of the necessary consequences for urban hyperactivity, we propose to understand the areas in situation of congestion in New York, we intend to measure Its built density, to explore the relationship between the situation of congestion with urban hyperactivity, to sketch the concept of urban hyperactivity. For this, we measured physical density of the congestion through four levels: The level of the building, the level of the urban form, the level of occupation and the level of the space. At the same time we notice the relationship between congestion with urban vitality, nets and flows, according to studies that use big data and operate an urban datascope, so, a Huge study of the city through data, with the goal to auscultate the urbits beatings and catch Its dynamics. We also observe relevant attributes for congestion/vitality, as the usage of soil, treads, the age of the buildings and the number of residential units, and last, we explore studies that investigate the flows in New York. By recognizing on congestion the reflexes of forces that push hyperdensity and the energetic search for guided vitality by Jacobs (2000), we wander if they can lead hyperactive urban areas to saturation. As going close to a possible solution, we use the urban partnership of Água Branca in São Paulo as scenery to practice a tool of parameterization of urban fractions focused in the constructive density. According to that, the results indicate that situation of congestion lead to hyperactive urban areas and building levels to urban forms are more relevant morphological attributes in Its constitution. The research also allows us to describe the morphology of congestion, relate them to existing flows, so, examine Its effects in the constitution of hyperactive urban areas and formulate the concept of urban hyperactivity.