Terapia larval: uma alternativa frente à resistência bacteriana - revisão 2010-2019

Abstract

Biotherapy is a practice that consists of using living organisms in order to bring benefits to human health. Among the main types of therapy employed are leech, protozoan, dog, horse and larvae therapies. Larval therapy aims to remove necrotic or infected material in skin lesions, in addition to stimulating the healing of healthy tissues. The aim of this study was to present a systematic review of the literature on larval therapy against bacterial resistance. For that, 23 articles were selected and analyzed from the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LACLHS), and Medical Publications (PubMed) covering articles published in the period of 2010 to 2019. Therefore, it was observed that larval therapy has been studied for several years and it is considered an innovative therapeutic alternative and a very efficient method in the treatment of skin wounds. In the current context, due to the high number of diabetic patients and bacterial resistance to antimicrobials, five beneficial actions of biotherapy on wounds have been identified, which are: a) debridement of necrotic tissue, b) microbial decontamination, c) stimulus to granulation tissue and anti-inflammatory action. Throughout the study, there were clear demonstrations of the literature with fundamental information regarding the effectiveness of therapy in the treatment of wounds, however further research is needed regarding the real advantage that larvae can bring to patients affected by skin lesions.