Mudanças no processo produtivo capitalista e a dinâmica do setor de serviços: repercussões nas cidades médias cearenses no período de 1990 a 2010

Abstract

The capitalist development current phase increasingly induces the urbanization process that has its articulation stimulated by the expansion of medium-sized urban centers. Its growth is not associated to a specific area, but follows a comprehensive logic linked to trends in contemporary capitalist society and its spatializations. Given the substantial changes in the capitalist production process, the social division of labor in Ceará non-metropolitan mediumsized cities is replaced by new approaches regarding its nature. The fact that service sector is responsible for much of the employment generated reveals its significant importance in these cities economic dynamics. In this context, its importance, size and productivity underwent reformulations inside the capitalist system of production. The predominance of tertiary activities which includes the services and trade sector in the medium-sized cities and their relationship with the capital accumulation process must be understood against the increasing speed of technological change and new demands for "jobs-services", such as assistance technique, R & D, among others. The intention of this work is to check what is the role of the services sector in the economic dynamics of Ceará non-metropolitan medium-sized cities from 1990to 2010.It will be highlighted the elements responsible for the changes in the productiv estructure, presents the productive dynamics state’s reality, through sector indicators and their influence in the definition of regional and urban development policies. In addition, it will be examined whether the service sector is able to boost the state economy. The time frame chosen (1990-2010) is marked by major changes as the abandonment of development policies at the national level. To achieve the proposed objectives, the methodology followed the deductive-historical method from two lines of action. The first has a descriptive theoretical nature, focusing on the literature search regarding the role of the service sector in productive restructuring context, financialization and neoliberal globalization. The other line referred to the interpretation of a secondary character statistical information base, collected in databases of official organizations. The service sector growth and its complementary role during the Ceará urban system formation and organization gradual stages have an intrinsic link with the urban apparel, being a structural induced activity and not inducing this movement. It recognizes the important role played by the services sector, notably the power of diversification led by trade segment in the process of developing Ceará non-metropolitan medium-sized cities expressed from the perspective of production and employment.